Sport Psychology Archives - Headstrong Mindset LLC https://headstrongmindset.com/sport-psychology/ Counseling and Sport Psychology for athletes, coaches and teams. Mon, 16 Mar 2026 20:27:24 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.9.4 https://headstrongmindset.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/cropped-5-copy-150x150.png Sport Psychology Archives - Headstrong Mindset LLC https://headstrongmindset.com/sport-psychology/ 32 32 194877359 What can we learn from Alysa Liu about resilience? https://headstrongmindset.com/the-unexpected-key-to-resilience/ https://headstrongmindset.com/the-unexpected-key-to-resilience/#respond Sat, 21 Feb 2026 16:48:00 +0000 https://headstrongmindset.com/?p=189 Every sports psychologist knows that resilience is a cornerstone of success for elite athletes and performers, but it’s often misunderstood as simply pushing through adversity. In reality, the secret to sustaining resilience lies not just in hard work, but in the combination of rest and maintaining a balanced athletic identity. For athletes striving to compete […]

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Every sports psychologist knows that resilience is a cornerstone of success for elite athletes and performers, but it’s often misunderstood as simply pushing through adversity. In reality, the secret to sustaining resilience lies not just in hard work, but in the combination of rest and maintaining a balanced athletic identity. For athletes striving to compete at your best, it is essential to recognize that rest is not a sign of weakness—it’s a strategic tool for growth and necessary to reach your peak potential. At Headstrong Mindset, we’ll unpack the key takeaways on resilience training for elite performers from this Olympic performance.

Photo Credit: Tom Jenkins/The Guardian

The Comeback Story of the Winter Olympics

The incredible comeback story of Alysa Liu at the 2026 Winter Olympic games in Milan Cortina has a lot to teach us all. Liu became the first US women’s figure skater to win singles gold since 2002. Multiple times throughout the Olympic event, television announcers and analysts commented on how relaxed, carefree, and playful she seemed in the lead up to the competition. It was as though Alysa Liu was completely detached from the weight of the outcome and genuinely thrilled to get to skate in the Winter Olympics again.

When asked about how she was able to maintain her sense of calm, Liu answered “Winning and losing don’t affect me anymore… Medalling doesn’t fulfill me. I skate because I like to skate.”

But this wasn’t always the case for Liu who retired from figure skating at the age 16 after competing in the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing. Prior to retirement Liu described the intense pressure as “traumatizing” and talked about feeling like her life was on the line when she skated.

Stepping away from the sport for two years allowed her to gain a sense of control over her life and pursue other interests including fashion, travel, attending college at UCLA, and frequenting karaoke bars with her friends which ultimately made her a much more well rounded person. Pursuing a balanced life outside of the ice rink allowed her to rediscover her love of staking and return to her sport with a renewed sense of creativity and passion.

When she took the ice for her final skate in Milan, her mindset had completely changed. “I didn’t need a medal,’’ she said. “If I fell on every jump, I would still be out there wearing this dress, so no matter what, I was all good.’’


The Unexpected Key to Resilience

Liu’s journey to the Olympic podium reminds me of a talk I heard given to a room full of coaches at the American Volleyball Coaches Association Convention. Let me introduce you to Dr. Roberta Kraus, PhD., the President of the Center for Sports Psychology in Colorado Springs. Dr. Kraus’s presentation titled Resilience Tools and Techniques was focused the importance of giving yourself adequate recovery time and having a balanced athletic identity to avoid career burnout.

“We have to spend time getting them back to the love of their sport, the love of performing and the love of participating the sport,” said Dr. Kraus. “Versus worrying about a ranking, a world record or a podium. As soon as you start focusing on an outcome, you’re adding additional pressure that starts in the mind, and the mind and the heart always decides what your body does.”

Dr. Kraus is a sports psychologist renown for helping athletes and teams reach their peak performance through a holistic approach to mental wellness and mental toughness. The mental training programs that she’s designed and implemented have a proven track record of improving player performance, communication and team dynamics under pressure. She’s worked hand in hand with Olympians and Paralympian’s at the U.S. Olympic & Paralympic Training Center to support athlete mental health and help athletes achieve their dreams. Given her extensive experience in working with world class athletes, she could have talked about any aspect of sport psychology but she chose to focus on recovery and resilience strategies because career burnout is the greatest threat to your athletic career.

How to Avoid Burnout

According to a poll from the National Alliance for Youth Sports, approximately 70 percent of kids in the United States drop out of sports by time they turn 13 because, “it’s just not fun anymore”.  Staleness syndrome starts at a young age and continues to plague players and coaches at every level. Athletes and coaches who overtrain, lack life balance and deny themselves critical space for rest and recovery experience burnout.

In other words, players and coaches lack resiliency. Dr. Kraus defines resiliency as, “the capacity of a department, team, coach or athlete to maintain their emotional balance, to empathize, to hope and to persist in the face of frustration”. So how we cultivate healthy patterns and habits within our team to support resilience training for elite performers?

The solution is a combination of rest and balance. Rest is critical because it helps prevent injuries, reduce fatigue, and enhance mental clarity, allowing you to bounce back from setbacks and perform your best when it matters most. However effective recovery strategies include more than just your physical needs like sleep, proper nutrition, hydration, rehab and active rest days. Incorporating practices of mindfulness, imagery and individual sports counseling can further support your healing process, reduce stress, strengthen your mental toughness and help you overcome burnout. By prioritizing your mental health and wellness, athletes and coaches not only recover faster but build a foundation for enduring resilience—both physically and mentally.

Let me put it simply, if you want to stay in the game long term, you’ve got to have balance. Allow yourself time to physically recover and explore other passions in life.  Having a balanced athletic identity and being intentional about your recovery time are a critical components to developing resiliency in players and teams. 

Get the Support You Need

Maybe as you read this, the story feels familiar —a spark of recognition that you know there is more to life than your sport, but you don’t know how to access it. The good news is that you don’t have to retire or step away complete, there are other ways to find balance, build mental resilience and extend your career by overcoming burnout. Choosing to invest in your mental health and wellness could be the most important investment you make in your career. You deserve to be in control of your own life and pursue your athletic career with joy and creativity.

At Headstrong Mindset, Dr. Brooke Rundle specializes in guiding elite athletes and coaches, through this very process. As an AASP Certified Mental Performance Consultant and licensed sports counselor in Colorado, Dr. Rundle is dually trained in both clinical mental health and sport psychology. This holistic approach to sport psychology can help you reconnect with your true self and rediscover your passion.

  • Schedule your complimentary 15-minute consultation with Dr. Brooke Rundle today.
  • Learn more about how mental coaching and sports counseling can help you build resilience and overcome burnout.
  • Embrace the next chapter in your athletic career: one rooted in joy, resilience, and a deep love for your sport.

Other Services and Resources

In case you missed it, you can watch Alyssa Liu’s gold medal performance and learn more about her career as a member of the US National Figure Skating Team here.

For more tips on how to avoid burnout during your season, check out this interview with Utah University’s Head Volleyball Coach Beth Launiere on how to avoid burnout during your college season.

If you don’t already have it, make sure to download the free workbook that provides mental training worksheets to help you improve focus, increase confidence and balance your athletic identity.


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What Exactly Do Sports Psychologists Do? https://headstrongmindset.com/what-do-sports-psychologists-do-a-guide-for-athletes/ Tue, 20 Jan 2026 20:25:49 +0000 https://headstrongmindset.com/?p=3813 Have you ever wondered what separates good athletes from truly great ones? The answer often lies beyond physical talent and resides in the strength of their mind. This is where the world of sport and performance psychology comes in, offering a path to unlock your full potential. Whether you are an athlete seeking to elevate […]

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Have you ever wondered what separates good athletes from truly great ones? The answer often lies beyond physical talent and resides in the strength of their mind. This is where the world of sport and performance psychology comes in, offering a path to unlock your full potential. Whether you are an athlete seeking to elevate your game or looking for support, understanding this field is the first step. For those seeking sport psychology services in Colorado, sports counseling and mental performance coaching can provide the tools to build mental resilience and thrive both in and out of competition.

The journey to peak performance is as much mental as it is physical. This guide will explore what a sports psychologist does and how they help athletes. It will also discuss why this work is a transformative force for anyone looking to achieve excellence. Embark on this journey with us and discover how to build the mental fortitude needed to reach your goals.

What’s the difference between Sports Counseling and Mental Performance Coaching?

Your well-being as a person is the foundation for your performance as an athlete. A holistic approach recognizes that mental health and mental performance are deeply connected. Professionals in this field are equipped to support athletes through a wide range of personal challenges. As you are starting out on your journey, the first step is to decide which type of professional you want to work with. To do this, you’ll need to understand the difference between mental health counseling and mental performance coaching within the field of sport psychology.

Sport focused mental health counseling services offer clinical support to reduce mental health symptoms and promote overall mental health within all aspects of athlete life including your performance domain. Some examples of practitioners are licensed sport psychologists, counselors or therapists who can diagnose and treat mental illness. Common areas that mental health providers support athletes include managing symptoms of anxiety, depression, eating disorders and substance use. Therapeutic approaches are always personalized. They may draw from various modalities like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Internal Family Systems (IFS), or somatic techniques. This flexibility ensures that the therapy evolves with you as your needs change over time, allowing for a personalized plan that best suits your unique needs and goals. The high-pressure environment of sports can sometimes contribute to mental health challenges. A sport counselor or sport psychologist in Denver can offer a confidential space to address these issues.

On the other hand, mental performance coaching provides non-clinical support strictly for performance enhancement and the development of mental skills. Sport performance service providers can include Sport psychologists, in addition to AASP Certified Mental Performance Consultants (CMPC’s) or mental performance coaches. Sport performance services are strictly focused on performance optimization for both individuals and teams. Sport performance sessions prioritize  developing mental skills such as creating competition routines, building confidence, learning controlled breath-work techniques and engaging in visualization or imagery. Mental coaching sessions focus on teaching sport based mental skills and providing support without offering a clinical diagnoses. It’s important to understand this distinction when seeking help.

What is Mental Performance Consulting?

Mental performance consulting, also known as mental coaching for athletes, is rooted in sports psychology. Sport Psychology is a field that sits at the powerful intersection of athlete mental wellness and athletic performance. It combines evidence-based research with applied strategies to help athletes, coaches, and performing artists learn how to perform at their best consistently. This approach helps them increase their enjoyment of their craft and improve their overall mental wellness. Working with a mental coach for athletes will help you develop the mental skills needed to excel. They work with you to navigate performance anxiety, improve team dynamics, and address the mental health challenges that can arise from the pressures of competition.

It’s about building a mindset that is as strong and conditioned as your body. One common misconception is that this type of support is only for elite or professional athletes. The truth is, mental performance skills can empower individuals at every level. From youth athletes learning to handle pressure to collegiate players balancing school and sports, the principles are universal. Furthermore, it’s not limited to traditional sports; musicians, dancers, and other performers can also benefit immensely from these techniques.

How Mental Performance Coaching Experts Help Athletes

Working with a professional trained in sports psychology in Boulder or Denver, CO is about building a mental toolkit to help you succeed. Together, you will explore your strengths, address your challenges, and cultivate a mindset that thrives under pressure. This partnership is designed to equip you with the strategies needed to perform at your best, consistently. It’s an empowering process of self-discovery and skill-building that can transform your approach to competition and life.

Performance Focused Mental Skills Training

Your mind is a muscle that you can train. Both a sports counselor and mental coach for athletes  can teach you how to strengthen your mind through specific, actionable techniques.

  • Imagery and Visualization: You can use your mind to prepare your body for success. By mentally rehearsing your performance, you build neural pathways that make success feel more natural and achievable when it’s time to compete.
  • Building Confidence and Positive Self-Talk: The voice in your head can be your greatest ally or your biggest critic. You can learn to quiet the negative self-talk and replace it with a supportive inner dialogue that builds you up.
  • Goal Setting and Overcoming Perfectionism: Setting clear, meaningful goals provides direction and motivation. You can also learn to embrace progress over perfection, freeing yourself from the fear of making mistakes and allowing you to perform with more freedom.
Triathlon swimmers at the start of a race, representing mental performance coaching for athletes in Colorado

Overcoming Performance Challenges

Every athlete faces obstacles. The key is learning how to navigate them with resilience.

  • Addressing Performance Anxiety and Stress: Learn techniques to manage the physical and mental symptoms of anxiety, turning nervous energy into focused excitement.
  • Recovering from Injuries: Common sport injuries such as concussions and ACL tears can leave mental scars. A mental performance consultant or mental coach for athletes  provides a safe space to process these experiences, helping you overcome the fear of re-injury and return to your sport with renewed confidence.
  • Managing Burnout and Mental Fatigue: The demands of training and competition can be exhausting. You can develop strategies to maintain balance, prevent burnout, and sustain your passion for your sport long-term.
  • Parental Pressure and Expectations: Athletes often deal with immense pressure from parents, coaches, and themselves. Learning to manage these expectations is crucial for maintaining joy and motivation in your sport.
  • Athletic Identity and Retirement: For many athletes, their sport is a huge part of their identity. Retiring or transitioning away from sport can feel like a loss. Therapy helps you navigate this change, process the stages of grief, and discover how to translate the incredible skills you’ve learned into your next chapter.

Enhancing Team Dynamics

Success in team sports relies on more than individual talent. It requires cohesion, trust, and effective communication. A mental coach for teams can help improve communication between teammates and foster a supportive environment where everyone can thrive. It also helps in navigating the complex relationships with coaches, ensuring that feedback is received constructively and that team goals are aligned.

How a Mental Performance Session Works

Stepping into a session with a mental coach is a proactive step toward growth. These sessions can take place in-person or online, offering flexibility for busy schedules. They are available for individuals or for entire teams who want to build collective mental strength. A session often feels like a conversation—a collaborative exploration of your goals, challenges, and mindset. It’s a space where you can speak openly without judgment.

Your mental performance consultant won’t just listen; they will actively teach you techniques and strategies tailored to your situation. You might work on visualization exercises to prepare for a big game, develop a pre-performance routine to manage anxiety, or practice mindfulness to stay present under pressure. The goal is to equip you with practical tools that you can use immediately.

Why Mental Coaching Matters for Athletes

Investing in your mental game is one of the most powerful decisions you can make for your athletic career and your life. The benefits extend far beyond the playing field. By working with a mental coach in Denver, you learn to overcome the mental blocks that hold you back. Build the resilience to bounce back from injuries and setbacks, often returning stronger than before. Develop unshakable self-esteem that isn’t dependent on your latest result. Most importantly, you learn to cultivate a healthy identity outside of your sport, ensuring your well-being long after your competitive days are over. The skills you gain (discipline, resilience, focus, and self-awareness) are life skills. They will serve you in your future career, your relationships, and your personal growth.

Take the Next Step

Your mind is your most valuable asset. Taking care of it is not a sign of weakness but a mark of strength. If you are ready to unlock a new level of performance and well-being, exploring mental coaching for athletes or counseling for athletes in Denver, CO, could be the transformative step you’ve been looking for. You have the power to build a resilient, confident, and focused mindset. Embrace the opportunity to invest in yourself and watch how it elevates every aspect of your life. Your journey to peak performance begins now.

Dr. Brooke Rundle, sports psychologist and mental performance consultant in Boulder and Denver, Colorado

Are You Ready to Unlock Your Potential with Counseling for Athletes in Denver, CO?

Perhaps as you read this, something inside you felt a spark of recognition—a quiet understanding that your performance and well-being could feel different. Please know that this feeling is where your growth begins. Choosing to invest in your mental game is one of the most powerful and transformative things you can do for yourself, both as an athlete and as a person. You deserve to pursue your passion with a sense of confidence, inner strength, and joy, free from the weight of pressure and self-doubt.

Here at Headstrong Mindset, Dr. Brooke Rundle specializes in guiding athletes and performers through this very process. As an AASP Certified Mental Performance Consultant and licensed sports counselor in Colorado, Dr. Rundle is dually trained in both clinical mental health counseling and sport performance psychology. This supportive and effective approach can help you reconnect with your resilient, centered self. Together, we can help you process challenges, overcome obstacles, and unlock your full potential.

  • Schedule your complimentary 15-minute consultation today.
  • Learn more about how mental coaching and sports counseling can support you on your journey.
  • Embrace a new chapter in your athletic career: one rooted in confidence, resilience, and a deep love for your sport, tailored just for you.

Other Services at Headstrong Mindset

The pursuit of excellence is deeply personal and often intersects with broader experiences like the weight of leadership, teamwork dynamics, or embracing your true identity. Whether you’re an athlete, coach, or someone juggling the pressures of performance and connection, it’s natural to feel the strain of being “on” all the time. These challenges can lead to moments of doubt or exhaustion, making it hard to find balance. At Headstrong Mindset, I provide a space where you can set aside the need to perform, feel understood, and receive the support needed to build confidence, resilience, and balance as you work toward your goals.

Headstrong Mindset offers specialized services tailored to every step of your journey, including sports counseling, mental coaching for athletes or teams, as well as consultation for coaches. Whether you’re looking to manage stress, strengthen communication, embrace your authentic self, or lead with renewed energy, these services are designed to support your whole self. Together, we’ll create a path forward, helping you reconnect with a steady, empowered, and authentic life.

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Fix-It Mentality: Recover from Performance Errors Faster https://headstrongmindset.com/fix-it-mentality-recover-from-performance-errors-faster/ Sat, 31 May 2025 19:46:21 +0000 https://headstrongmindset.com/?p=3099 “Volleyball is a game of mistakes” is a common phrase in volleyball. In fact, Karch Kiraly, the former U.S. women’s national team volleyball coach, has been quoted many times saying that he loves watching his athletes struggle and make mistakes because it is the path to learning and improving. Performance errors and setbacks are a […]

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Volleyball is a game of mistakes” is a common phrase in volleyball. In fact, Karch Kiraly, the former U.S. women’s national team volleyball coach, has been quoted many times saying that he loves watching his athletes struggle and make mistakes because it is the path to learning and improving.

Performance errors and setbacks are a part of a every sport, for every athlete, at every level. We all understand this concept and yet oftentimes have a difficult time recovering from the previous play and shifting the focus to the next one. If you find yourself worrying about the future, or dwelling on past mistakes during games, try this.

After making a performance error, it is common to re-play the event in your mind. The mental re-replay will either reinforce the impact of the error by dwelling on it, or help you recover and prepare for the next play by visualizing the correction and engaging in positive self-talk. Mentally fixing the error will prepare you for the next play and help you return to focusing on the present moment.

This “fix-it” and “play forward” mentality encourages athletes to control their reaction to error by re-directing attention towards the next play. Rather than responding to a mistake with a barrage of negative self-talk, try correcting the error in your mind and returning to the present moment in preparation for the next play.

Errors do not have to be catastrophic. The goal is not to never make mistakes in games or tournaments. The goal is to mentally recover from mistakes faster and move on to the next play. The question athletes need to answer is: how quickly do you move from an emotion focus to a task, problem-solving focus in competition? (Lodato, 2022).  By creating intentional, consistent, and repeatable routines for handling errors in competition, you will learn to let go of the past and mentally prepare for the next play.

Practical Strategies

Here’s a few examples of practical and tangible strategies to embody the “fix-it” mentality and mentally move on to the next play. 

  • Step away from the baseline in tennis or service line in volleyball
  •  Redirect attention to a focus point or cue to clear the mind.
  • Take a big inhale and mentally release the error on the exhale.
  • Make a physical movement to symbolically “wipe it away”. Some volleyball players will wipe the sweat off their forehead or beach volleyball players may pick up sand and throw it to get rid of the error.
  •  Imagine flushing the away and going down a drain (Ravizza).

References

Lodato, V.A. (2022). Imagery and Visualization Week 7 [PowerPoint slides]. Sport Performance & Psychology, University of Western States. 

Lodato, V.A. (2022). Handling Competitive Stress [Handout]. Sport Performance & Psychology, University of Western States. 

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Balancing Your Athletic Identity https://headstrongmindset.com/understanding-your-athletic-identity/ Mon, 19 May 2025 00:04:26 +0000 https://headstrongmindset.com/?p=3044 Did you know that your athletic identity and mental health are interconnected? Athletes and coaches make a ton of sacrifices both on and off the field. We dedicate so much time to conditioning and training, scouting opponents and watching video, mentally preparing, traveling to compete, and recovering in the training room. Throughout our athletic careers, […]

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Did you know that your athletic identity and mental health are interconnected? Athletes and coaches make a ton of sacrifices both on and off the field. We dedicate so much time to conditioning and training, scouting opponents and watching video, mentally preparing, traveling to compete, and recovering in the training room. Throughout our athletic careers, we are conditioned to make great physical, emotional, and social sacrifices to compete at the expense of our mental and physical health. At Headstrong Mindset, we believe balance is the key to longevity in sports. In this article I’m going to talk about what athletes and coaches give up to accomplish their dreams and how to find a healthy balance.

What does it mean to have an athletic identity?

Your athletic identity is the degree to which you identify with your role as an athlete competing in your sport 1 It’s basically a framework for an athlete’s self-concept. Sometimes, being an athlete can become such a big part of who you are that it overshadows other aspects of yourself and life can feel unbalanced.

Evaluating your athletic identity.

To assess athletic identity you can use the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale, also known as (AIMS) 2.  AIMS is a 10 item self-reporting assessment based on a 1 to 7 Likert-scale that athletes can do to determine their level of athletic identity. The assessment includes statements such as “I consider myself an athlete”, “most of my friends are athletes”, & “I spend more time thinking about sport than anything else”. However the simplest way to check if your athletic identity is out of balance is to describe who you are without mentioning your sport.

Can you do it?

If you struggle to describe yourself without reference to your sport, that might be a sign that you have an unhealthy or imbalanced athletic identity and it’s time to balance the scale.

Warning signs to watch out for.

There are several risks and costs associated with having an imbalanced or unhealthy athletic identity. Athletes with an imbalanced athletic identity are more susceptible to depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation and early burnout from sport. Signs to watch out for include reduced self-esteem or low confidence, irrational fear of failure, feelings of guilt, increased aggression, and difficulty in decision-making.

Finding a healthy balance.

One of the most of effective ways you can balance your athletic identity is to make and maintain friendships outside of your sport that don’t care about your performance or the amount of playing time you get. 3

Another way to maintain a healthy athletic identity is to find hobbies to do outside of your sport like cooking, gardening or making art and music. Having a healthy balance will not only improve your overall mental health, but it will also strengthen your mental toughness and resilience in sport during transitions in playing time, during periods of injury and retirement from sport. 4

Your sport should not define you. As an athlete, or a coach, your athletic identity is just one of part of you are. 5 A healthy athletic identity maintains a balance between your sport and life outside of sport. This includes prioritizing family, maintaining friendships outside of your sport, hobbies that have nothing to do with your sport. 6 It is critical to have a social support network that extends beyond on your sport or professional career. It is also important to have some ideas about what you might want to do after your athletic career is over. That’s what a healthy balance looks like. You are more than just your sport.

Are you ready to the take the next step?

Maybe you read this and resonated with the difficulty of balancing elite sports with your personal life. Conscious awareness is the first step to achieving personal growth and professional balance. Choosing to invest in your mental health and well-being can be life-changing and life-giving as an athlete and a person.

At Headstrong Mindset, Dr. Brooke Rundle specializes in supporting athletes, performers, and coaches with sports counseling Denver. Ask any sports expert who has been in the game a long time and they will tell you that balancing your athletic identity is the secret to enjoying a long career in sports and avoiding burnout . You deserve to walk away from your sport on your own terms. As a mental coach for athletes and sport psychology provider in Denver, Dr. Rundle can help you balance your career demands and learn to thrive. You don’t have to search any farther for sport psychology services in Denver.

References

1     Giannone, Z. A., Haney, C. J., Kealy, D., & Ogrodniczuk, J. S. (2017). Athletic identity and psychiatric symptoms following retirement from varsity sports. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 63(7), 598.
2     Lochbaum, M., Cooper, S., & Limp, S. (2022). The Athletic Identity Measurement Scale: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis from 1993 to 2021. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education (EJIHPE), 12(9). https://doi-org.uws.idm.oclc.org/10.3390/ejihpe12090097
3    Adams, C., Coffee, P., & Lavallee, D. (2015). Athletes’ perceptions about the availability of social support during within-career transitions. Sport & Exercise Psychology Review, 11(2), 37–48.
4     Crust, Lee & Clough, Peter J. (2011). Developing mental toughness: From Research to Practice, Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 2:1, 21-32, https://doi.org/10.1080/21520704.2011.563436.
5    Burton, Damon & Raedeke, Thomas, D. (2008)Sport Psychology for Coaches. Human Kinetics.
6    Beachy, E. G., & Brewer, B. W. (2018). Associations between Activist and Athletic Identities in College Students. Journal of Sport Behavior, 41(4), 369.

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What is Sport & Performance Psychology? https://headstrongmindset.com/what-is-sport-performance-psychology/ Sun, 04 May 2025 20:00:36 +0000 https://headstrongmindset.com/?p=2963 Sport & performance psychology combines evidence-based research with applied strategies to help athletes, coaches, and performing artists learn how to perform at their optimal level consistently, increase enjoyment and improve overall mental wellness. Mental toughness is an athlete’s ability to perform their best in every competitive situation, regardless of the environmental obstacles or adversity faced […]

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Sport & performance psychology combines evidence-based research with applied strategies to help athletes, coaches, and performing artists learn how to perform at their optimal level consistently, increase enjoyment and improve overall mental wellness.

Mental toughness is an athlete’s ability to perform their best in every competitive situation, regardless of the environmental obstacles or adversity faced (Burton & Raedeke, 2008). Mental toughness is not a single skill, but rather an entire set of mental skills that contribute to consistent optimal performance under pressure in competition. Mental skills are sport-specific psychological skills that contribute to an athlete’s ability to optimally perform (Weinberg & Gould, 2019). Below are a few examples of key mental skills foundational to sport & performance psychology. Learn more about how to develop mental resilience in sport and beyond.

Key Mental Skills in Sport & Performance Psychology

Concentration

Concentration is much more than just an on/off switch that the athlete flips during competition. Concentration is a mental skill that that needs to be broken down, learned, and practiced in athletes just like any other mental and physical skill in sports. Concentration is selective attention that focuses on relevant cues for optimal performance (Weinberg, 2019).  Concentration contains four distinct elements or foundational pillars (selective attention, maintaining attentional focus, situational awareness, and attentional flexibility (Weinberg, 2019). Learn more about obstacles to concentration.

Performance Routines

Routines can be broken down into three distinct categories, pre-performance routines, in-performance routines, and post-performance routines. Pre-performance, also referred to as pre-competition routines, are actions taken prior to the start of competition to prepare the athlete for psychological readiness for competition. In-performance routines are actions that an athlete does while competing either in-between plays or during timeouts. Post-performance routines take place after the competition has finished either in the locker-room, on the bus, or at home when the athlete has time to reflect alone. Learn the differences between routines and rituals.

Goal-Setting

Goal setting is a powerful strategy to get and stay motivated on the journey towards your dreams. Goal setting is the road map to the future that you want. Goal setting is the process by which you can achieve your accomplishments if you stay disciplined and continue to put forth the effort. However, there is more to goal setting, then just writing lofty dreams down on a piece of paper. Goal setting is an ongoing process that needs to be reflected upon, measured, monitored, assessed, and reassessed. When done well, goal setting can be a powerful motivator and play a critical role in achieving desired success. Learn how to make more effective performance goals.

Imagery

Imagery is a mental training tool in which athletes use all their senses to mentally rehearse, create, or re-create an experience in the mind (Vealey & Forlenza, 2015). The difference between visualization and imagery is that visualization only engages the sense of vision, while imagery is a polysensory experience, meaning all senses are engaged including visual, auditory, physical, olfactory, gustatory and the kinesthetic (Vealey & Forlenza, 2015). Imagery is a way for athletes to refine technique and practice specific sports skills in one’s mind regardless of whether they are sidelined by an injury or without access to a training facility. You can use imagery to reduce stress, return from injury and perform at your best. Learn how to write an imagery script here.

Self-Talk

Internal self-talk is intentional and productive internal dialogue that athletes have with themselves in their mind (Lodato, 2022). It is a form of intrapersonal communication that impacts athlete emotions, behavior, actions, and motivation (Lodato, 2022). Self-talk often surfaces within athletes in reaction to the outcome of a play, situation, or event in competition in which the athlete desires change for the future (Weinberg & Gould, 2019). Self-talk can enhance concentration, assist with breaking bad habits, sustain athlete motivation, and ultimately increase effort (Weinberg & Gould, 2019). However, self-talk can also be a lethal distraction during competition. How you speak to yourself matters. Self-talk can help you achieve your performance goals.

Deconstruct Perfectionism

Perfectionism is characterized by unrealistically high expectations of self and a tendency to be over critical of one’s performance. Learn effective techniques for to combat maladaptive perfection concerns with self-compassion to improve your performance and increase your well-being. Learn more about how to overcome perfectionism in sports.

Communication

Learn how to express your thoughts and desires clearly and effectively to the people on your performance team and in your life. Explore how attachment patterns are impacting your communication style.

Error Recovery

Performance errors and setbacks are a part of a every sport, for every athlete, at every level. Oftentimes athletes understand this concept and yet have a difficult time recovering from the previous play and shift their focus to the next one. Athletes who dwell on past mistakes inadvertently increase their arousal level by worrying about the future without realizing the attentional drift. Errors do not have to be catastrophic. The goal is not to never make mistakes in competition. The goal is to mentally recover from mistakes faster and move on to the next play.

The post What is Sport & Performance Psychology? appeared first on Headstrong Mindset LLC.

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